Measurements of Trace Gases in the Inflow of South China Sea Background Air and Outflow of Regional Pollution at Tai O, Southern China     

T. Wang  H. Guo  D. R. Blake  Y. H. Kwok  I. J. Simpson  Y. S. Li 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2005,52(3):295-317

We present a 16-month record of ozone (O₃), carbon monoxide (CO), total reactive nitrogen (NO_y), sulphur dioxide (SO₂), methane (CH₄), C₂ – C₈ non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), C₁ – C₂ halocarbons, and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) measured at a southern China coastal site. The study aimed to establish/update seasonal profiles of chemically active trace gases and pollution tracers in subtropical Asia and to characterize the composition of the `background' atmosphere over the South China Sea (SCS) and of pollution outflow from the industrialized Pearl River Delta (PRD) region and southern China. Most of the measured trace gases of anthropogenic origin exhibited a winter maximum and a summer minimum, while O₃ showed a maximum in autumn which is in contrast to the seasonal behavior of O₃ in rural eastern China and in many mid-latitude remote locations in the western Pacific. The data were segregated into two groups representing the SCS background air and the outflow of regional continental pollution (PRD plus southern China), based on CO mixing ratios and meteorological conditions. NMHCs and halocarbon data were further analyzed to examine the relationships between their variability and atmospheric lifetime and to elucidate the extent of atmospheric processing in the sampled air parcels. The trace gas variability (S) versus lifetime (τ) relationship, defined by the power law, S_lnx = Aτ^{− b}, (where X is the trace gas mixing ratio) gives a fit parameter A of 1.39 and exponent b of 0.42 for SCS air, and A of 2.86 and b of 0.31 for the regional continental air masses. An examination of ln[n-butane]/ln[ethane] versus ln[propane]/ln[ethane] indicates that their relative abundance was dominated by mixing as opposed to photochemistry in both SCS and regional outflow air masses. The very low ratios of ethyne/CO, propane/ethane and toluene/benzene suggest that the SCS air mass has undergone intense atmospheric processing since these gases were released into the atmosphere. Compared to the results from other polluted rural sites and from urban areas, the large values of these species in the outflow of PRD/southern China suggest source(s) emitting higher levels of ethyne, benzene, and toluene, relative to light alkanes. These chemical characteristics could be unique indicators of anthropogenic emissions from southern China.  相似文献   

ANALYSIS ON WAVELET POWER SPECTRUM OF WARM AND COLD EVENTS IN THE NI?O REGIONS     

吴迪生  赵雪  冯伟忠  马毅  乔关玉 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2005,11(2):154-160

We statistically analyze the tropical typhoon forming in the South China Sea and use TC (Tropical Cyclone) for short in the following) by typhoon yearbook. The typhoon quantity is very different in different months and years. TC appears in all months except March, and the most TC quantity in a year is 11, the least is 1 and 6.2 on average. The most TC quantity in a month is 5 and the least is 0. TC lands most in August and no TC lands on Chinese continent from December to the following April. The primary landing area is between Shantou and Hainan Island. The sustaining period of TC is usually between 4 days to 7days, and the longest is 19 days. Only 15% of the TC forming in the South China Sea can intensify to typhoon, and they all form in the ocean area deeper than 150m. The South China Sea is the ocean area over which the TC occurs frequently.  相似文献   

我国下寒武统黑色岩系的矿产类型   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

唐红松  徐文杰  谢世业  王寿成 《矿产与地质》2005,19(4):341-344

在对湘黔桂地区下寒武统黑色岩系矿产资源实地调查的基础上,首次较系统地对我国南方下寒武统黑色岩系中具有经济价值矿产类型的地质特征、相互间的层位关系及富集区域进行了总结,并指出了找矿方向.  相似文献   

大陆动力学演化与成矿研究: 历史与现状   总被引：21，自引：8，他引：21  

毛景文  谢桂青  李晓峰  张作衡  王义天  王志良  赵财胜  杨富全  李厚民 《矿床地质》2005,24(3):193-205

地球动力学演化过程与成矿作用是当今矿床学研究的前沿。文章回顾了自20世纪60年代以来，有关大陆动力学演化与成矿的研究历史和当前的研究动向。综述了几个研究大阶段，即：海底喷流成矿作用、大陆边缘成矿作用、板内成矿作用及地质历史演化过程的大陆汇聚或增生与多期次成矿。同时，以华南地区为例，将大陆侧向和垂向增生作为切入点，阐述了华南世界级有色、稀有、贵金属成矿省在地质历史过程中的成矿作用，并提出在该成矿省进一步实现找矿突破的重要科学问题。  相似文献   

南海天然气水合物稳定带的影响因素   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

金春爽  汪集旸  张光学 《矿床地质》2005,24(4):388-397

文章利用南海所积累的大量热流、海底温度和地温梯度数据，针对地温梯度的变化，对地温梯度数据进行了初步校正。分情况研究了纯甲烷，甲烷、乙烷、丙烷混合物分别在纯水、海水条件下形成的天然气水合物在南海的可能分布范围；进而对影响天然气水合物分布的影响因素进行了讨论。研究表明，随着天然气中重烃含量的增加，孔隙水盐度的降低，水合物稳定带在平面上的分布范围越来越大，水合物稳定带的厚度也越来越大。比较而言，气体组成的影响要比孔隙水盐度的大。同时，天然气水合物稳定带的厚度与热流有一定的负相关关系。在南海2000m水深范围之内，由于受海底温度的控制，水合物稳定带的厚度与水深呈明显的正相关关系。  相似文献   

Significance of variations in the wind energy environment over the past 50 years with respect to dune activity and desertification in arid and semiarid northern China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Xunming Wang  Hasi Eerdun  Zijiang Zhou  Xiaoping Liu   《Geomorphology》2007,86(3-4):252-266

Climate data from 339 meteorological stations collected from the 1950s to the early 2000s was employed to discuss aeolian activity in arid and semiarid northern China. The results show that at decadal time scales, erosivity varied greatly in this region. Most of arid and semiarid northern China was characterised by environments with moderate to low wind energy. After the 1980s, the erosivity was only 20 to 50% of that beforehand, and this difference had a significant impact on the environmental changes observed during the two periods. The dune mobility index was consistent with the observed dune activity. After the 1980s dune activity decreased and in some deserts with vegetated dune systems during the 1970s most of the dune plinths were active until the 1980s, after which only the crests were active. Some mobile dunes that had developed at the margins of mobile deserts were replaced by semi-anchored or anchored dunes. Because most desert areas with vegetated dune systems in arid and semiarid northern China are used for farming or grazing, the results of our monitoring show that the desertification trends were consistent with the trends in erosivity and dune activity in this region. Desertification was controlled much more by climatic changes than has previously been acknowledged, and especially by fluctuations in wind energy.  相似文献   

1980年以来我国城市商业区位研究述评   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

方远平  闫小培  毕斗斗 《热带地理》2007,27(5):435-440

总结了1980年以来我国城市商业区位研究的进展。将我国商业区位研究大致划分为3个阶段,即以商业地理学及城市商业区位为主的宏观研究阶段,以城市商业网点区位及商业活动空间结构为主的中观研究阶段,以大型购物中心、百货店、零售店区位等为主的微观研究阶段,分析了各个阶段对应的研究主要内容与研究方法,对近年来城市商业区位研究新领域:信息化背景下商业区位、轨道交通影响下的商业区位、微区位理论、外资零售企业区位、社区商业布局等进行了概述,总结出我国商业区位研究存在的重实证、轻理论等问题,并对未来商业区位的研究提出几点思路。  相似文献   

南海北部ODP 1144站中更新世气候转型期有孔虫稳定同位素古气候意义     

金海燕  翦知湣 《地球科学进展》2007,22(9):914-921

中更新世气候转型期是第四纪古气候研究的一个特殊时期。利用大洋钻探ODP 184航次在南海北部钻取的1144站时间分辨率高达约290年的沉积物样品，开展中更新世气候转型期古气候变化的研究。在中更新世距今80~100万年前，浮游和底栖有孔虫壳体的稳定氧碳同位素变化揭示出，中更新世气候转型中心，即中更新世革命0.9 Ma左右，南海北部表层海水温度的降低和降水量的增加指示东亚冬、夏季风增强。以中更新世革命为界，水体垂向结构上温跃层和营养跃层的深度从之前的间冰期较浅转变为之后的间冰期较深，底层水与表层水的垂直温度梯度从冰期时较大转变为冰期时较小。轨道尺度上，冰消期时南海北部的表层水、次表层水和底层水的变化几乎是同时发生的，不存在超前或滞后的相位差。千年尺度上，有孔虫的氧碳同位素变化都呈现出非常明显的约0.8 ka和约1.4 ka的气候波动周期。氧同位素0.8 ka滤波显示出：在中更新世气候转型期，较强的信号主要出现在间冰期，有时也出现在冰期，与晚第四纪千年尺度气候波动主要出现在冰期不同，说明中更新世的气候转型不仅表现在轨道尺度的气候周期变化上，同时也体现在千年尺度气候波动的特征变化中。   相似文献   

寒武系崮山阶三叶虫生物地层新认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱兆玲  项礼文  章森桂  刘书才  雒昆利  杜圣贤  梁宗伟 《地层学杂志》2007,31(2):165-168

由于Diceratocephalus已在华北的若干地点找到,如莱芜九龙山、淄博黑石寨和泰安大汶口,Dicerato-cephalus三叶虫亚带可以提升为三叶虫带,这样崮山阶便包含了4个三叶虫带(自上而下)Diceratoceph alusarma-tus带、Drepanura premesnili带、Blackwelderia paronai带和Damesella paronai带。  相似文献   

华南中生代构造演化过程的多地质要素约束——湘东南及湘粤赣边区中生代地质研究的启示   总被引：18，自引：11，他引：18  

柏道远  黄建中  李金冬  王先辉  马铁球  张晓阳  陈必河 《大地构造与成矿学》2007,31(1):1-13

目前对华南内陆中生代构造环境与演化过程的认识存在分歧,一定程度上与对多种地质要素的综合研究不够有关。笔者研究认识到湘东南及湘粤赣边区中生代不同构造阶段发育不同的代表性地质要素,并分别指示不同的构造环境。早三叠世-中三叠世早期为前造山阶段,主要发育海相沉积。中三叠世后期-中侏罗世初为陆内造山阶段,其中中三叠世后期发生强烈陆内汇聚挤压,形成的主要地质要素是NNE向的逆冲断裂与褶皱,以及NW向的基底走滑断裂等;中三叠世末-晚三叠世后期为同造山阶段的后碰撞构造环境,形成的主要地质要素是印支期强过铝花岗岩;晚三叠世末-早侏罗世为同造山上隆伸展环境,形成的主要地质要素是裂陷盆地与拉斑玄武岩;中侏罗世初期为挤压环境,形成的主要地质要素是山前冲断收缩盆地及盆地边缘的逆冲断裂。中侏罗世早期-晚侏罗世为后造山阶段,形成的主要地质要素是大量后造山花岗岩以及与花岗岩相关的大量有色金属矿床。白垩纪为陆内裂谷阶段,形成的代表性地质要素有AA型花岗岩、大量陆相红色断陷盆地、基性火山岩、双峰式次火山岩等。结合上述成果和区域资料,提出应通过多种地质要素综合研究华南地区中生代构造演化过程,注意构造环境判别的地质要素代表性、地质要素时限性以及构造发展过程的关联性。  相似文献